Korean art is often marked by the use of bold color, natural forms, precise shape and scale, and surface decoration.
Dancheong
It refers to Korean traditional style decorative coloring used on buildings or other items to convey beauty and majesty, and is done by applying various patterns and paintings in certain areas. Five basic colors are used: Red, Blue, Yellow, Black and White. Also means East, West, South, North and Center respectively.
It functions not only for decoration, but also for practical purposes such as to protect building surfaces against temperature and to make the raw state of materials less visible.
*Bold Color Used*
There were a number of different types of dancheong; even in one particular building, patterns might be differentiated according to the part of the building they were located in. Nevertheless, dancheong patterns were systemized in consistent order. The system of patterns was categorized into four different types based on the structural characteristics and positions within the decorative composition. These four types included morucho, byeoljihwa, bidanmuni and dandongmuni.
Morucho, also called meoricho, was a pattern used in painting both ends of supporting beams (such as the ridge of a roof) or corners of a building (such as the tip of eaves). Although the pattern of morucho differed based on the era and the building, its basic patterns consisted of a green flower, water lily, pomegranate, bubble, and whi (feather). Using one sample pattern, morucho was repeatedly used in all the same parts of a building. Naturally, it occupied the largest amount of space and was most noticeable.
*Repetitive treatment*
*Surface Decoration*
Byeoljihwa refers to decorative painting that utilized a storytelling technique and occupied the gap between two morucho. It differed based on the characteristics of the building, and was not used in palace construction; instead, it was most often employed in the construction of temples. The content of Byeoljihwa consisted of auspicious animals (such as dragons, horses, lions, and cranes), the sagunja ("the Four Gentlemen" or plum, orchid, chrysanthemum and bamboo), or scenes from Buddhist sutras.
*Religious Symbols Appeal To The Gods and The Spirits For Protection and Happiness*
Bidanmuni refers to the diverse coloring of rare and elegant designs or geometric patterns, and was used in various parts of the building, particularly in temples.
Dandongmuni involves the design of a single flower plant or animal, or the application of a single geometric pattern in one section.
*Precise Shapes and Scale*
*Natural Forms*
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